فصلنامه گیاه و زیست فناوری ایران
سال هفدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

One of the important criteria in determining the quality of cut flowers is its vase life. Vase life in a cut flower refers to the time between the stem being placed in the vase solution until the loss of visible ornamental value. Symptoms of endof-life cut roses include bent neck, bluing, and wilting. Many factors are effective in the life of cut roses, which in general can be divided into two categories of pre-harvest and post-harvest factors. The most important pre-harvest factors include relative humidity, botrytis contamination, light conditions, nutrition and temperature. It has been observed that roses grown in high relative humidity, continuous light period, light intensity and low CO2 as well as flowers grown in winter will have shorter vase life. In general, the effect of pre-harvest factors on the vase life in cut roses, on plant water balance and stomatal performance. Harvest time, flower stem length, environmental conditions of flower storage and the effect of some plant growth regulators are important factors after harvest in cut flowers of rose. This review article will examine these factors.

Desert growth in Iran is a major problem. A large part of the country is surrounded by vulnerable areas at risk of desertification, so that about 75% of the ecosystems of arid and semi-arid regions of the country, face the effects and consequences of desertification. Effects such as the drying up of inland lakes, sandstorms, dust and intensification of wind erosion are a clear manifestation of the growing rate of desertification in recent years in the country. In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, there is little vegetation due to lack of moisture and other adverse climatic conditions. As a result, soils are more prone to degradation, but in some of these areas, despite the lack of soil moisture, high temperatures and other unfavorable ecological conditions, the distances between plants are often covered by a community of microscopic plants, and this Communities are known as biological soil crusts. Biological soil crusts are the association of soil mineral particles with cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, or bryophytes and are common coverings in open spaces around vascular plants in arid and semi-arid regions. Biological crusts significantly affect early ecosystem processes and have been described as ecological engineers in arid regions.

To evaluate the increase in quantitative and qualitative yield of Agaricus bisporus button fungus by evaluating the effect of soy flour (SF) and iron chelate (Fe) supplements inoculated with plant growth-promoting bacteria. A factorial experiment with four replications in Dezful Mushroom Company It was done in 1397. Iron at Three levels of zero, 250 and 500 mg / l from source of 6% iron chelate, soy flour at three levels of zero, 1.5 and 3% by weight of dry compost and bacterial inoculation at two levels (no inoculation and inoculation of mycelium with P. putida) was. The results showed that maximum fresh yield (20.77 kg / m2) was obtained from (Pseudomonas Potida + soybean powder + iron chelate) treatment. methionine (29.2 mg/ kg―1 DW) and lysine (4.97 mg/ kg―1 DW) were observed in (Pseudomonas putida + soy flour 3%) treatments. The highest antioxidant capacity was observed in (Soy flour 1.5% + iron chelate 500 mg / l) treatment with 4.19 mmol / kg in non-bacterial inoculation. According to the results, enrichment of cover soil with iron did not have a significant effect on the quantitative and qualitative traits of the fungus, but the application of soy flour at the level of 1.5%, especially with P. putida, had a more effective role. Therefore, to increase the production and improve the quality traits of the fungus, the use of soy flour in the amount of 1.5% with P. putida is recommended.

This study was performed to evaluate some growth indices, antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, accumulation of soluble sugars and changes in total protein under microgravity conditions and light spectrum composition with four replications on P. alkekengi. Seedlings grown in vitro were exposed to the microgravity treatments under two different light conditions, including white (C) and red+blue (R+B). The results of this study showed that the treatment of R+B light spectrum increased seed germination and leaf relative water content (RWC) by 23.9% and 32.1% respectively, compared to control. Microgravity treatment under white light (Microgravity) and microgravity treatment under red+blue light (R+B+Microgravity) biomass increased 78.1% and 97.4% respectively, compared to the white control. The level of antioxidant activity in the treatment groups showed a significant increase in the leaves, which was the highest value under microgravity under R+B light (10.1%). R+B+Microgravity treatment significantly improved the total flavonoid content by about 19.6% compared to the control. The highest activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) enzyme was measured at 9.7% in the root under microgravity conditions. R+B light and microgravity treatment increased the amount of total protein and soluble sugar and also the simultaneous use of these two treatment showed the highest amount (71.8% and 45.1% respectively). The R+B light spectrum can be used improve seed germination and the RWC. In general, R+B+Microgravity treatment synergistically increases biomass, antioxidant activity, total protein and soluble sugars compared to white control.

Cultivation of plants in arid and semi-arid regions is very important due to the salinity of the production resources. One of the things that affects the growth process in these areas is the management of nutrients through the use of nanofertilizers. In order to investigate the effect of the application of nano fertilizers in saline soil on some morphological traits of parsley flower of the African parsley variety (T. erecta), a research was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in Garmsar city. Plants in 7 treatments and 3 replications and each replication contains 3 samples with 3 concentrations of 12% zinc nano-chelate (750 mg/L, 1.5 g/L and 3 g/L) and 3 concentrations of 27% potassium nano-chelate (1 mg/L liter, 2 mg/liter and 4 mg/liter) and no fertilizer application (control) were treated by foliar spraying. In this study, plant height, shoot weight, root weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight were evaluated. The results showed that the zinc chelate nanofertilizer treatment of 3 grams per liter had the highest effect on all the examined traits except the height trait and the potassium chelate nanofertilizer treatment of 2 grams per liter had the greatest effect on the height trait and showed a significant difference with other treatments. In general, it can be concluded that the best type of nanofertilizer to improve the morphological characteristics of parsley (T. erecta) in saline soil is the use of 12% zinc chelate nano-fertilizer in the amount of 3 grams per liter

In order to investigate the effect of biological fertilizers on yield and yield components of sesame in drought stress conditions in 1397-98 crop year in Rig Malek area in Mirjaveh city, split plots were made in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main factor (A) drought stress levels including a1: complete irrigation (control), a2: complete cessation of irrigation in flowering stage and a3: complete cessation of irrigation in pod formation stage, secondary factor of biological fertilizer levels (B) including four levels Control: b2: cattle manure 30 tons per hectare, b3: vermicompost 10 tons per hectare, b4: cattle manure 20 tons per hectare + 100% mineral nitrogen. The results showed that the highest yield in all studied traits was related to the treatment of vermicompost at a rate of 10 tons per hectare and the treatment showed no water shortage. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of water shortage and biological fertilizer application on grain yield and yield components and other studied traits except 1000-grain weight was statistically significant. Comparison of the mean showed that the highest biological yield (3304.9 kg / ha), grain yield (1505.3 kg / ha) and oil content (54.4%) in full irrigation and vermicompost fertilizer treatment amounted to 10 Tons per hectare.